Psychology Paper on Pain Free Essays

Agony Veronica Tran Essay #1 Psy 1 (#48954) Pain Everyone wherever will encounter torment; regardless of whether it is ordinary or once per week. Paper cuts, squeezes, or even basically sticking your fingers between your entryway, are largely agonizing mishaps. Agony is the bothersome inclination; the red ready which flags our consideration regarding something horrible happening to our bodies. We will compose a custom article test on Brain science Paper on Pain or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Our bodies can recognize torment by nocioceptors. Nocioceptors are exceptional nerve receptors intended for upgrades that are experienced as difficult (Benjamin B. Lahey, 2009). There are two noteworthy pathways these neural torment messages travel to our cerebrum; quick and moderate. The quick and moderate pathways are the motivation behind why our bodies suffer torment at various occasions. The principal experience would be an observable short torment, and acknowledgment of what’s going on. The subsequent experience is an all-encompassing difficult sensation. A case of the pathways consolidated would be dropping a 15lb load on your foot. First sensation would rapidly make u get that weight off and afterward gaze at your foot. The second would make you land on the floor holding your foot while shouting. We experience these isolated difficult sensations for two reasons. The two encounters are on two unique ways with two distinct rates to our minds. The neurons are thicker, shrouded in myelin in the quick way making the development snappy. The moderate pathway comprises of littler neurons, no myelin, and in result makes the transmission moderate. Reason number two, the two pathways experience various parts in our minds. The quick neural pathway travels through our thalamus and to the matosensory zone. The matosensory region is situated in the parietal projection of the minds cerebral cortex. It gets and interprets the tangible data from our skin and body. Which is the means by which we are fit for finding where and what is befalling our bodies. The matosensory territory finds the activity yet isn't answerable for our enthusiastic responses to torment. Data proceeding onward the moderate pathway goes to the limbic framework. The limbic framework is the place we feel the enthusiastic experience to the torment that is going on. The entryway control hypothesis of agony was directed by Psychologist Ronald Melzack. The hypothesis was that in the cerebrum stem, a lattice of neurons directs the dissemination of driving forces from the nocioceptors to the cerebral cortex. Messages from the body’s receptors go to the mind and through the cerebrum stem. The â€Å"pain gates† is where the moderate torment neural filaments pass. The entryways in the mind stem can either be opened or shut. This truly implies this has part in making us pretty much delicate to the actuation of the nocioceptors. When â€Å"opened† the doors can permit all the more moderate torment neural transmission on to the moderate way to the limbic framework. In this manner our enthusiastic experience to the torment keeps going longer. The doors can likewise be â€Å"closed†; that is less transmission of moderate agony driving forces, in result less torment. Quick pathway doesn't go through the doors, however can't be blocked. Endorphins signal the doors to close, forestalling torment message from arriving at the mind. Malignant growth can create torment completely all alone on the grounds that it is disease. The fundamental driver of agony in malignant growth is the developing or decimating tissue close or on the disease contaminated zone. Malignancy torment can emerge out of where the disease had created. Or on the other hand different territories spread around the body where the malignant growth had voyage. During when the tumor develops, it can start to hit nerves, bones, or different organs making physical agony the patient. Not exclusively would cancer be able to be difficult genuinely to the body, yet it can likewise cause torment synthetically. Synthetic substances they emit into the locale of the tumor can cause torment. Not every person determined to have malignant growth encounters torment, typically one out of 3 disease patients experiencing treatment does (Timothy Moynihan, 2010). Agony concerning malignancy consistently relies upon what kind of disease the patient is determined to have. The individuals who have propelled malignant growth; that is disease that has spread or reoccurred, shockingly have a higher possibility of encountering the torment inside malignant growth. Malignant growth medicines additionally negatively affect torment towards the patient. Chemotherapy, radiation, and furthermore medical procedure are a few wellsprings of malignant growth torment. Malignancy medical procedure for the most part brings about agonizing long meetings that regularly set aside effort to recuperate. Consuming sensations and some of the time difficult scars are deserted after outspread medicines. In the case of experiencing chemotherapy, excruciating symptoms may incorporate mouth wounds, looseness of the bowels, and in any event, harming to the nerves. Diet and sustenance are one of numerous approaches to adapt to torment. Clinical specialists and doctors have considered on why individuals experience the ill effects of torment. The answer for their issues is the one answer that have been overlooked; basic eating regimen and nourishment. Our bodies are equipped for mending and fixing itself whenever allowed the chance to do as such (Harvey Diamond, 2005). A battle for the vast majority in our present reality is figuring out how to adapt torment. Such battle can bring about execution at work. Not having the option to adapt can influence your profession as well as your own life as in your loved ones. Indeed, even the individuals who have for quite some time been restored from an ailment despite everything battle with torment. Physical and mental treatment should be possible to help those in incessant torment, for example, warmth and ice. This technique comprises of either utilizing hot towels or cold bundles over the zone of torment. In spite of the fact that it doesn't make the agony mysteriously vanish, it soothes torment for quite a long time. Needle therapy is an old eastern type of relief from discomfort some despite everything use today. The needles are painstakingly positioned into nerve endings; discharging endorphins from the nerves. Like needle therapy; knead treatment assists upgrade with blooding stream all through the body. Relaxing bunches in the muscles that make the body to get tense and are currently calm. There are numerous approaches to adapt to torment without the use of medications and medical procedures. References Benjamin, B. , Lahey, (2009). Sensation and Perception, Psychology a presentation Timothy Moynihan, (2010). Malignant growth Pain: Relief is conceivable. Recovered from http://www. mayoclinic. com/wellbeing/malignant growth torment/CA00021 Harvey Diamond, (2005). Techniques for Dealing with torment. Recovered from http://www. bestsyndication. com/2005/A-H/DIAMOND-Harvey/080905 without pain life. htm Instructions to refer to Psychology Paper on Pain, Papers

Management Economics Essay

Presentation. The business cycle or monetary cycle alludes to the high points and low points seen fairly at the same time in many pieces of an economy. The cycle includes moves after some time between times of moderately fast development of yield (recuperation and success), rotating with times of relative stagnation or decay (constriction or downturn). These variances are regularly estimated utilizing the genuine total national output. To call those alternances â€Å"cycles† is somewhat deceptive, as they don’t will in general rehash at genuinely normal time interims. Most spectators find that their lengths (from top to top, or from trough to trough) shift, with the goal that cycles are not mechanical in their consistency. Since no two cycles are indistinguishable in their subtleties, a few business analysts debate the presence of cycles and utilize the word â€Å"fluctuations†. Others see enough likenesses between cycles that the cycle is a legitimate premise of examining the condition of the economy. A key inquiry is whether there are comparative systems that create downturns as well as blasts that exist in industrialist economies with the goal that the elements that show up as a cycle will be seen over and over. Similarly as there is no normality in the planning of business cycles, there is no motivation behind why cycles need to happen by any stretch of the imagination. The overall view among financial analysts is that there is a degree of monetary action, regularly alluded to as full work, at which the economy hypothetically could remain until the end of time. Full business alludes to a degree of creation at which all the contributions to the creation procedure are being utilized, however not all that seriously that they wear out, separate, or demand higher wages and more get-aways. On the off chance that nothing upsets the economy, the full-work level of yield, which normally will in general develop as the populace increments and new innovations are found, can be looked after for eternity. There is no motivation behind why a period of full business needs to offer approach to either an undeniable blast or a downturn. Content. Business Cycle, term utilized in financial aspects to assign changes in the economy. Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the degree of business action in industrialized entrepreneur nations has veered from high to low, taking the economy with it. Qualities of business cycle are: - An exchange cycle is wave like development. - Cyclical variances are repetitive in nature. - Expansion and compression in an exchange cycle are combined impact. - Trade cycles are on the whole infesting in their effect. - It is described by the nearness of emergency for example descending development is more abrupt and fierce than the change from descending to 0upward. - Cycles vary in timing and abundancy they have a typical example of stages, which are successive in nature. Periods Of Business Cycles: The good and bad times in the economy are reflected by the variances in total monetary exercises, for example, creation, speculation, work, costs, compensation, bank credits and so on. The different periods of the exchange cycles are: Thriving: Expansion And Peak. This stage starts with the ascent in the national yield, purchaser and capital use, level of work and inventories. Indebted individuals think that its increasingly advantageous to take care of their obligations. Bank rate increments so credit offices, inactive assets for interest underway since stock costs increments because of increment in productivity and profit. Buying power keeps on streaming all through a wide range of monetary exercises. Development proceeds with the multiplier procedure. In prior/later stages extra specialists can be gotten by giving higher pay than winning in the market. Information costs increments quickly which prompts increment in cost of creation. Therefore cost increments and typical cost for basic items builds which bring down the utilization rate. The interest for new houses, concrete, iron, work will in general stop and same is for furniture, autos and so on. This makes arriving at the pinnacle. To sum up we can say that: - It is a defining moment in the business cycle †the finish of development - Economy at or near full work - Capital and Labor Utilization at a high - Prices and cost ascend at a moderate rates - Firms benefit at high - Interest rates rise - Consumers and firms desires great Defining moment And Recession. In the wake of arriving at the pinnacle, request begins declining. Maker unconscious of this reality keeps on expanding creation and speculation. In any case, after at some point they understand that their inventories are pilling up and they have enjoyed over-venture. Subsequently further speculation plans will be provided up-request for new hardware, crude materials. Interest for work stops. Transitory and easygoing specialists are expelled. Makers of capital merchandise and crude materials drop their request. This is the defining moment and start of downturn. Further the salary of pay and premium workers likewise diminishes. This causes request downturn. Maker drop down the costs to dispose of inventoriesâ but purchaser anticipates further declines in cost and subsequently defers their buy. Ventures begins declining prompting decline in salary and utilization, bank credit psychologist and costs decline. At this stage the procedure of downturn is finished and the economy enters the period of sorrow. To sum up this: - Consumer spending falls - Investment spending falls - Inventories gather - Firms profit’s decay - Business Failure increment Sadness And Trough. This is the period of relativity low financial movement. It shows fall underway, expanded joblessness and a quick fall in the general value list. Laborers lose their employment, account holders think that its hard to take care of their obligations, and interest in stock turns out to be less productive. At the profundity of sorrow, every single financial movement contact the base and period of trough is reached. More fragile firms are dispensed with from the business. Now, the procedure of discouragement is finished. Because of joblessness, work begins working at lower compensation. Buyer anticipates no further decrease in cost and begin spending. Consequently request gets. Stock costs fall during downturn; the costs of crude material fall quicker than the costs of the completed items. In this manner productivity will in general increment after the trough. Producers’ begin supplanting worth-out capital, venture gets and work step by step increments. Following this interest builds, bank credit turns out to be effectively accessible at a lower rate. Because of increment in salary and utilization, the multiplier impact expands the financial exercises. The period of misery reaches a conclusion over timeâ depending on the speed of recuperation. To sum up this: - The defining moment in the cycle †the finish of withdrawal - Characterized by high joblessness and low buyer request comparative with industry limit - Greatest time of abundance limit over the cycle - Business benefits are low or negative - Some costs are falling other unaltered - Consumers and firms assumptions regarding future are somber Recuperation. It begins when costs further quit falling. Makers see no hazard in embraced creation. Firms utilize inactive ability to expand creation. This produces work and salary, which makes extra interest for customer merchandise and enterprises. Specialist when acknowledge increment in gainfulness. Subsequently they accelerate creation apparatus. Representative beginnings expanding their inventories, customer begin purchasing increasingly more of strong products and assortment things. With this procedure getting up to speed, the economy enters the period of extension and success. The cycle is accordingly finished. To sum up this: - Employment, creation, costs and wages start to ascend at generally a similar time - Expectations of shoppers and firms idealistic or positive - Investment spending increments - Consumer request rises Reasons for Cycles. Market analysts didn't attempt to decide the reasons for business cycles until the expanding seriousness of financial downturns turned into a significant worry in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth hundreds of years. Two outside variables that have been recommended as potential causes are sunspots and mental patterns. The sunspot hypothesis of the British financial expert William Jevons was once broadly acknowledged. As indicated by Jevons, sunspots influence meteorological conditions. That is, during times of sunspots, climate conditions are frequently progressively serious. Jevons felt that sunspots influenced the amount and nature of collected yields; along these lines, they influenced the economy. A mental hypothesis of business cycles, detailed by the British financial analyst Arthur Pigou, states that the idealism or negativity of business pioneers may impact a monetary pattern. A few government officials have obviously bought in to this hypothesis. During the early long stretches of the Great Depression, for example, President Herbert Hoover attempted to show up openly idealistic about the inborn life of the American economy, in this way wanting to animate an upsurge. A few monetary hypotheses of the reasons for business cycles have been created. As indicated by the under utilization hypothesis, distinguished especially with the British business analyst John Hobson, imbalance of pay causes financial decreases. The market gets glutted with products on the grounds that the poor can't bear to purchase, and the rich can't devour everything they can manage. Subsequently, the rich gather investment funds that are not reinvested underway, due to inadequate interest for merchandise. This reserve funds gathering disturbs financial balance and starts a pattern of creation reductions. The Austrian-American financial analyst Joseph Schumpeter, an advocate of the advancement hypothesis, related rises of the business cycle to new innovations, which invigorate interest in capital-products ventures. Since new innovations are grown unevenly, business conditions should on the other hand beâ expansive and passive. The Austrian-conceived financial specialists Friedrich von Hayek and Ludwig von Mises bought in to the overinvestment hypothesis. They recommended that shakiness is the legitimate outcome of growing creation to the

Tips For Selling Academic Research Papers

Tips For Selling Academic Research PapersStudents and researchers who want to sell academic research papers need not invest on expensive and exorbitant advertisement to advertise their paper. They can even get it sold in online journals. Publishing companies today are realizing the true value of academic research papers and hence, students can be quite successful in this marketing practice.Students and researchers can be successful in selling their academic research papers for sale if they follow certain simple steps. You should invest in market research, develop a website for displaying your work, manage submission and marketing of your papers, submit work to journals, and maximize your exposure.Before you can start selling your academic research papers, you must do market research. What you need to do is to check out the web presence of the school or college that offers you a contract as the author.The most important thing to do in order to maximize your exposure is to make a websi te for your paper. You should not forget to design and choose a unique domain name for your website. Make sure that the site's domain name contains the exact title, keywords, and subtitles. Your domain name is the first thing people will see on your website.Once you have decided on a unique domain name for your academic research papers, you should focus on building your website. You can create an attractive and impressive website by putting more effort. Your website should include a short bio of yourself along with a summary of your credentials.You should send your paper for review to different journals along with submission of your full paper. These journal reviewers will provide feedback about your paper and that will be the most significant part of your job. You should offer your reviewer a portion of your paper for his/her review. The reviewer should make notes about the weaknesses and strengths of your paper.One of the best methods for marketing your academic research papers is to submit your paper for publication in top journals and at industry fairs. To maximize your exposure, you should submit a paper for free for online marketing. You should also submit the same paper to online journals for a small fee.A research paper can be sold in a number of ways. It can be sold in online journals, it can be sold to library stores, or it can be sold to bookstores. Your goal is to reach as many places as possible to make your paper's success more pronounced.

Why Do People Resist Change At Work - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2349 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Level High school Did you like this example? Why do people resist change at work and how can this resistance be overcome from an HR perspective? 1. Introduction Change is a common feature of the workplace. This paper examines why people resist change at work. It then explores how this resistance can be surmounted from an HR viewpoint. 2. Resistance to change at work From research into individual and organisational behaviour, it is well established that people at work can sometimes resist change (Robbins, 1992). The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) define resistance to change at work as an individual or group engaging in acts to block or disrupt an attempt to introduce change (CIPD, 2014, p.2) and argue that, in general, resistance to change in the workplace occurs in two ways: resistance to the content of change and resistance to the process of change (CIPD, 2014, p.2). The reasons for resistance to change at work are numerous. Resisting change enables stability and for the status quo at work to be maintained (Robbins, 1992). Change jeopardises the comfort zones and security of employees who are risk averse and who like familiarity (Holbeche, 2001). The fear of the unknown may result in resistance to change (Robbins, 1992). There may be resistance when change appears to threaten someones income (Robbins, 1992). Change can appear threatening to the individual worker when it is foisted on them top down without their input as they do not feel in control (Holbeche 2001). Gifford et al (2012), in their review of change programmes in NHS South of England, found that many people do embrace change, but it is easy to feel undermined or threatened by it, even if one accepts at a broad level that change is needed. As well as the challenge of embracing new ways of working, it can be hard to let go of the old ways. Not only do people have ingrained habits and ways of thinking; they also become skilled in familiar work and may feel that their credibility is based upon it. For example, if someone spends years honing skills in a specific procedure and is then told they should be using a completely different technique, this may cut at their sense of self worth (Gifford et al, 2012, p. 15). Thus, there may be resistance if a persons perception of how the world of work should be is threatened. Robbins (1992) explains that individuals shape their world through their perceptions. Once they have created this world, it resists change. So individuals are guilty of selectively processing information in order to keep their perceptions intact (Robbins, 1992, p.281). Psychologists have studied resistance to change and it has been recognised that change may involve a significant shift for the individual, like a bereavement, where what was once certain is no longer so and they have to relinquish the familiar in order to be able to embed change (Holbeche, 2001). The psychological contract is an important consideration when looking at resistance to change at work. Guest and Conway (2002) defined the psychological contract as the perceptions of both parties to the employment relationship, organisation and individual, of the reciprocal promises and obligations implied in that relationship (Guest and Conway, 2002, p.22). The CIPD (2005) argue that the psychological contract is now best seen as a tool that can help employers negotiate the inevitable process of change so as to achieve their business objective without sacrificing the support and co-operation of employees along the way (CIPD, 2005, p.4). CIPD (2005) commented that people expected commitments made to them by management to be honoured and that management should make the effort to do so. Where management is not able to honour a commitment, attempts should be made, however difficult, to explain why and its impact on the employee. A breach of the psychological contract is likely to result in employees having a negative attitude to their employer which would include resistance to change. A case study at a Scottish manufacturing plant, where employees believed that the psychological contract had been breached by the employer, noted that the regular imposition of change programmes had resulted in a high level of cynicism amongst supervisors and shop floor staff (Pate, Martins and Staines 2000). If there is a lot of organisational change in a workplace, it is likely to be negatively received by its staff (CIPD, 2005;Guest and Conway 2001). Furthermore, where there is frequent change, it is likely to result in staff believing that management do not know what they are doing and their trust in them declines (CIPD 2005) (Guest and Conway 2001). In spite of all the above, research into change management reveals that there are things that can be done to alleviate resistance to change. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why Do People Resist Change At Work" essay for you Create order 3. Overcoming resistance to change: the HR viewpoint 3.1 Adopt a positive approach to resistance at work Resistance to change can be a cue for stakeholders in an organisation to have a meaningful debate about the merits of the proposed change. This may lead to amendments and improvements to the change (Robbins 1992). 3.2 The need to understand why change is happening Research has shown that it is important for staff to understand why change is happening in terms how it will benefit the business and ideally how will it benefit them. In the Gifford et al (2012) review of change programmes across the NHS South of England, it concluded that leaders need to sell the benefits of the change. To do this they need to express their vision in a way that makes it easy for stakeholders to relate it to the purpose and values of the NHS and to their own principles and motivations (Gifford et al., 2012, p.5). Gifford et al (2012) added that purpose and vision [of the change programme] are crucial factors (Gifford et al., 2012, p. 51) that should be communicated in many ways to make sure the message connects with the stakeholders. In redundancy situations, Holbeche (2001) discovered that there was a link between the perceived reason for the delayering and the effect on employees. If people thought that the reason for the delayering was simply cost cutting , their morale and motivation tended to be more adversely affected than where there appeared to be a more strategic reason for the change (Holbeche, 2001, 367). 3.3 Communication Communication plays a critical part in helping staff understand why change is happening and in feeling engaged in the change process. Internal communication mechanisms which enable staff to feel empowered and involved are key to minimising resistance. Two way communication mechanisms like attitude surveys can be effective, but only if visible changes arise as a result (Holbeche, 2001). Other forms of communication that can help are senior management presentations (where questions can be asked and answered), road shows, team briefings and management cascades, question and answer mechanisms (for example by email) and internal newsletters (Holbeche, 2001). Communication should ideally involve an element of being two way and should include all stakeholders. The CIPD (2005) found that top down communiques by senior managers were perhaps the most ineffectual way of delivering important messages to staff. Mission statements were slightly more effectual, but the most successful way of r eaching staff with messages that they are likely to believe is through line managers (CIPD, 2005). In recent times, storytelling, narratives and theatre have been used in change situations as innovative ways of communicating with staff in order to get them engaged and involved. These methods allow for a move away from top down senior management communication (Daley and Browning, 2014, Dennis, 2010, Thomas and Northcote, 2012). Formal communication, in times of change, should: Inform à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" about the organizational/ personal implications Clarify à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the reason for the change, the strategy and benefits Provide direction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" about the emerging vision, values and desired behaviours Focus à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" on immediate work priorities and actions, together with medium term goals Reassure à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" that the organisation will treat them [staff] with respect and dignity (Holbeche, 2001, p.368). 3.4 Staff engagement Those affected by the change need to feel engaged so that they believe that they are invested in the change. This can be time consuming and difficult for those leading the change (CIPD 2005, Gifford et al. 2012). Engagement can mean getting staff to buy into change that has already been devised or it can mean getting staff involved in actually designing the change (Gifford et al., 2012). Leaders need to be clear about what level of engagement is being offered as unfulfilled expectations risk demotivating staff and weakening good will. (Gifford et al, 2012). Bearing in mind the psychological contract, the CIPD (2005) argue that managing change well involves getting employees buy-in and making sure that they are not caught unawares. Employees want fair treatment and it is important that they believe that they can trust management. As stated earlier, if employees expectations are not to be met, the reason why should be explained by management (CIPD, 2005). 3.5 Leadership Those in leadership positions in the organisation have to act as role models for change to be successful. If the behaviour of the leaders in an organisation is at odds with their verbal utterances in a change situation, it can result in cynicism in staff and thus resistance to change. Holbeche (2001) reports of a case study where company directors were charged with leading an organisational change involving paying particular attention to the customer. The directors talked to staff about the importance of the organisations values, especially teamwork. However, staff knew that the senior leadership team did not work well as a team and thus, the change message was being met with cynicism. When the Chief Executive took drastic action and threatened to punish the directors financially, that was when the directors became serious about role modelling good team work and effective leadership. As a result, the change message became believable to staff. 3.6 Apply learning from neuroscience Dowling (2014) explored the connection between neuroscience and change management. He found that neuroplasticity, the concept of the adult brain being able to change through specific activity and experiences, was applicable in change situations, if it was self-directed by the individual employee. He advised that employers should give their employees the latitude to have their own insights into the proposed change and that this would allow new neural pathways to be formed in the employees brain, making sustainable change possible. Downing (2014) also explored the impact of threat and reward on employees behaviour. He argued that when a person is faced with a perceived threat, the brain has an inbuilt defence mechanism which is activated. This provides some explanation as to why there is resistance at work when an employee feels threatened. This argument reinforces the need for those leading the change to emphasize the benefits of the proposed change so that the employees brain re ward response is activated as opposed to their threat response. Downing (2014) additionally looked at habit and how the prefrontal cortex of the human brain (the advanced cognition brain area) operates primarily on the basis of habit, otherwise it would be using a huge amount of energy which would not be sustainable. During periods of change, when individuals are being required to adopt new habits, a heavy burden is potentially being placed on the prefrontal cortex. When designing change programmes, there needs to be an awareness of the brains limited capacity for change (Downing, 2014, Scarlett, 2013). 3.7 HR HR has a pivotal role to play in staff communication and engagement as well as in planning change effectively, including taking into account the learnings from neuroscience. There has to be a real partnership between the business and HR for change to be effective. HR plays a role in assisting, developing and supporting those in leadership positions to be effective in their roles so as not to undermine the success of the change programme and engender resistance to change (Holbeche, 2001, CIPD, 2005, Gifford et al., 2012). 4. Conclusion Although resistance to change is something that occurs in the workplace for many understandable reasons, it can be minimised by good communication and staff engagement, explaining the need for change in terms of its benefits to the business and to the individual member of staff, learning from research, effective leadership as well as HR working well with the business and being an integral part of the change. Overcoming resistance at work matters, as while resistance is occurring, it may result in negative consequences such as having a negative impact on performance and productivity, creating an environment for turf wars at work as well as demoralising and demotivating staff (Holbeche, 2001,Robbins 1992, Cannon and McGee 2008, Hughes, 2010). 5. References CANNON, J. A. and MCGEE, R. (2008) Organisational development and change. CIPD toolkit. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. CHARTERED INSTITUTE OF PERSONNEL AND DEVELOPMENT (2005) Managing Change: The role of the Psychological Contract. Research report. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. CHARTERED INSTITUTE OF PERSONNEL AND DEVELOPMENT (2014) Change management. Factsheet. Available: https://www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/change-management.aspx#link_2 DAILEY, S.L. and BROWNING, L. (2014) Retelling stories in organizations: understanding the functions of narrative repetition. Academy of Management Review. 39(1). p. 22-43. DENNIS, R. (2010) Intimacy at work: playback theatre and corporate cultural change in Mercedes Benz, Brazil. Journal of Organizational Transformation Social Change. 7(3). p. 301-319. DOWLING, N. (2014) Its all in the mind. Training Journal. Aug2014. p.47-51. GIFFORD, J., BOURY, D., FINNEY, L., G ARROW, V., HATCHER, C., MERIDITH, M. AND RANN, R. (2012) What makes change successful in the NHS? A review of change programmes in NHS South of England. Horsham: Roffey Park. GUEST, D. E. AND CONWAY, N, (2002) Communicating the psychological contract: an employer perspective. Human Resources Management Journal. 12(2). p. 22-38. GUEST, D.E. AND CONWAY, N. (2001) Organisational change and the psychological contract: an analysis of the 1999 CIPD survey. Research report. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development HOLBECHE, L. (2001) Aligning Human Resources and Business Strategy. Oxford: Elsvier Butterworth Heinemann. HUGHES, M. (2010) Managing change: a critical perspective. 2nd Ed. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development PATE, J., MARTIN, G. AND STAINES, H. (2000) Exploring the relationship between psychological contracts and organizational change: a process model and case study evidence. Strategic Change. 9 (8). p.481-493. ROBBINS, S. P (1992) Essentials of Organizational Behavior. Third edition. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International SCARLETT, H. (2013) Neuroscience helping employees through change. Strategic Communication Management. 17 (1). p.32-36. THOMAS, P. and NOTHCOTE, R. (2012) Storytelling in transforming practices and processes: the Bayer case. In TYRONE, S., SIMPSON, A. and DEHLIN, E. (eds.) Handbook of organizational and managerial innovation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

The Importance Of Corporate Social Responsibility Development

Introduction Recent decades have witnessed the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility development in business landscapeï ¼Å'which is defined as be responsibility to all corporation activities with environment sustainable. Whether a small enterprise or a multinational company, CSR is an integral part of company to promote brand imageï ¼Å'enhance social harmony. And it also become a standard of company working measurement. Internallyï ¼Å'the CSR activities give staff respect and welfare, and for external which can maintain public order. However, in short term, corporation can not receive any direct profit from CSR activities, even there may reduce income. The importance of CSR With the changing of world, sustainable development is one of a core conversation of currency, and fulfilling Corporate Social Responsibility is the best way to establish corporation image. By linking CSR and brand, companies have numerous advantages, including strengthening of the company s brand image or its products and services, which contributes to achievement of good business results, making loyal customers, increasing their satisfaction, retaining good reputation, increasing of demand for products(Dunia, Milica 2014). For instance, CSR is significant for food enterprises particularly, McDonald ´s as an example of corporation which is persistent in keeping the fundamental principles of safe, reassuring, quality namely, cleanliness and valuable products and service. The service thatShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr ) : The Importance Of Meeting Economic, Social And Sustainability Needs1175 Words   |  5 Pages The Importance of C SR (in terms of meeting economic, social sustainability needs) Author: Supervisor: Sazzad Hossan Royal James Heath 18571849 12th December,2015 Corporate social responsibility (CSR), otherwise called maintainableRead MoreThe Impact Of Business On The Environment889 Words   |  4 PagesCSR and financial performance In the studies of Margolis and Walsh (2002), one hundred twenty-two published studied between 1971 and 2001 empirically examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance (Tsoutsoura M.,2004). The relationship between Corporate social responsibility and financial performance constitute two main parts. The first one being short-run financial impact (abnormal returns) when firms engage in either in either socially responsible orRead MoreReview Of Corporate Responsibility Research1102 Words   |  5 Pages1. Corporate Responsibility Research :- Past—Present—Future(june 2015) 1. Abby Ghobadian 2. Kevin Money 3. Carola Hillenbrand Henley Business School, University of Reading, UK Carola Hillenbrand, Henley Business School, Henley-on-Thames, Greenlands, RG9 3AU, Oxfordshire, UK. ABSTRACT The concept of corporate responsibility (CR) has moved a long way over the past six decades, since Bowen’s book titled Social Responsibilities of the Businessman marked a modern era of business and societyRead MoreHow Businesses Can Incorporate Csr Into Their Business Model1619 Words   |  7 Pagesways businesses can incorporate CSR into their business model. Introduction: Many large corporations are taking corporate social responsibility into account and making it a part of their everyday schedule. Over the past decades, there have been increasing concerns for general society that many businesses have little concern for the consumer and they care nothing about the deteriorating social order. But these days’ companies are encouraging employees to volunteer and make a difference in surroundingRead MoreLeadership Practices in The Post-Bureaucratic Era1575 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay,I’m going to argue that leadership practices bring impacts on sustainable development in the post-bureaucratic era. World Commission on Economic Development(WCED) defines sustainable development as development that satisfies the needs in the present as well as in the future (Bansal 2005). Business is considered as an aspect of the society as a whole (Evans 1992) and it can be seen that the society is more concerned about ethics,law and regulations,thus a more sustainable managementRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Of The World Essay1545 Words   |  7 Pages Chapter: 2 Corporate Social Responsibility 2.1 History of Corporate Social Responsibility 2.1.1 Corporate Social Responsibility in the World: The origin of Corporate Social Responsibility in businesses has no fixed date. Most experts, scholars, researchers, practitioners, writers, philanthropists, civil societies conscious citizens opined that it can be carried out in an ethical and socially responsible manner. It is assumed that in the year 1960 corporate social responsibility began to emergeRead MoreCsr : An Agenda For Inclusive And Sustained Growth Indicator Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pages ABSTRACT With the expanding globalization and persistent ecological issues, role of CSR has been redefined and aims to broaden the societal context within which it operates. CSR acts as a commitment for attaining inclusivity and community development in order to reflect a positive impact on the society. In an increasingly fast-paced global economy, CSR acts as enabler and driving force in order to attain sustained growth where markets, communities and the organizations can perform well togetherRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )863 Words   |  4 Pageseconomies and development of technology in the last century. The term of Corporate Social Responsibility appears more often into public’s concerned and it has become a hot issue in recent years. This essay is going to discuss and provide an overview of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by debate some key issue in this area. 1.2 What is Corporate Social Responsibility? In 1953, Bowen’s Social Responsibility of the Businessman firstly discusses the idea of corporate social responsibility. He statesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' Table of Content Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Understanding the Importance of CSR 4 Corporate Social Responsibility Audit 6 Findings 6 Conclusion 7 Recommendations 7 Reference List 8 Executive Summary After investigating the current situation, I found that the poor working conditions and underpayment reduce loyalty and employees’ satisfaction, employees feeling pressure with high workload and poor working conditions, substandard waste disposal methods causedRead MoreEssay on Business Ethics and dilemma632 Words   |  3 Pages 2. Prepare a 3- to 5-page paper titled,  Corporate Social Responsibility. 3. Reflect upon your text readings from Chapters 1 and 9 with a focus on the following core concepts: Organizational Social Responsibility (Chapters 1 and 9) The Ethical Decision-making Process (Chapter 1) Corporate Reputation (Chapter 9) The Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid (Chapter 9) The Importance of Trust (Chapter 9) The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (article by Carroll and Chapter 9) 4. Read  The

Essay on Corruption in US Government - 1991 Words

The story of the founding of the United States is a story nearly every United States citizen understands at the very least a rough version of. The story of how a group of patriots overthrew standing British power who were invading their rights to privacy, taxing them unfairly, and overall not giving the colonials a square deal. This story gives American’s pride in their identity and government. It also serves to legitimize the current US Government, for the current officials follow the same Constitution set up by those Patriots who fought the British. However, since the founding of the US Government there have been numerous cases in which the government has betrayed its people and committed corruption. When the media finds out about such a†¦show more content†¦The story quickly lost national prominence, and became mostly a local Chicago news story shortly after the murder. It took several years before the case was finally brought to court and Hampton’s family a warded over a million dollars, which is to say the least an admission of guilt by the US government. This was hardly the consequence Hampton would have liked to see his murder have. Someone should have been held responsible, and the US should have stepped back and re-evaluated their role in society. In the view of today’s media, Hampton’s death is largely attributed to J. Edgar Hoover, the FBI chief during the 60’s. While Hoover was largely the mastermind behind Hampton’s murder and the COINTELPRO program that made it possible, by no means did he act alone. In such a bureaucratic system, it’s rare for any government official to be solely responsible for any action by the US government. The other officials in the FBI were plenty cognizant to recognize what was going on was wrong. The more important individual who never suffered one consequences from the actions of the FBI in this time period was Robert F. Kennedy. Not only is Robert F. Kennedy not h eld responsible for his actions, today he is remembered as one of the greatest white civil rights leaders of his time. Kennedy was attorney general during his brother, John F. Kennedy’s administration. As attorney general he hadShow MoreRelatedWhat the U.S. Government Shut Down Teaches Us About Organizational Corruption976 Words   |  4 PagesWhat the U.S. Government Shut Down Teaches us about Organizational Corruption Brian Pinkowski Posted with images on How to Fight Corruption http://brianpinkowski.wordpress.com/2013/10/14/what-the-u-s-government-shutdown-teaches-us-about-organizational-corruption/ The 2013 U.S. Government shut down demonstrates the powerful and destructive effects of conflicts of interest on groups, nations, and the global community. Notwithstanding press releases to the contrary, it is fairly clear thatRead MoreThe Absolute Biggest Threat That Our World Faces Today Is Global Mass Corruption Essay1512 Words   |  7 Pagesbiggest threat that our world faces today is global mass corruption. A comprehensive report suggests that Afghanistan, Somalia, and North Korea are among worst regions in terms of corruption. Transparency International is the firm in which has established the Corruption Perceptions Index. The index is based on the collaborated global professional opinion of many intellects in order to define the measured perceived levels of public sector corruption. The score a nation receives in the report determineRead MoreCorruption And Corruption Of The Public Sector1530 Words   |  7 PagesBribery and corruption in the public sector, is endemic and u navoidable in all societies 1 The supportive reasons of unavoidable bribery and corruption Bribery and corruption in the public sector have been investigated by government for many years, while such hidden bribery and corruption are the behaviour that members working in the public sector indiscriminately take actions. Bribery and corruption are due to members’ heart swell and unsound personality so as to break the public welfare natureRead MoreA Brief Note On Bribery And Corruption Of The Public Sector1462 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis on bribery and corruption in the public sector Introduction There is one statement that â€Å"Bribery and corruption in the public sector, is endemic and unavoidable in all societies†. This essay will make critical analysis of this statement, targeting the public sector. Especially taking the example of US and UK regulatory framework, it will make clear understanding of this statement. Through current academic literature by comparing, contrasting and critiquing views, this essay will developRead MoreThe Effects Of Corruption On Economic Growth1444 Words   |  6 Pages In this essay, I will present an argument against theories that propose that corruption may be beneficial to economic growth by presenting theoretical and empirical evidence that suggest otherwise. I will also discuss policies that will prove effective in eliminating corruption in developing countries. The international handbook on the economics of corruption defines corruption as the use of public resources to fund the private purposes. It usually involves the abuse of officialRead MoreThe Discourse Of The Endemic Grand Corruption1371 Words   |  6 PagesThe discourse of the endemic grand corruption in Nigeria is inadequate without a critical scrutiny of the roles played by the multinational companies (MNCs) in facilitating and sustaining grand corruption. Scholars argue that companies, especially multinationals, are the biggest perpetrators using a sophisticated network of notional companies and corporate structure to facilitate corrupt practices in developing countries. In essence, grand corruption in Nigeria is to a large extent sustained byRead MoreEssay about Exposing the Corruption in India1218 Words   |  5 PagesCorruption is something we never really want to hear about, but is a very serious matter to contend. The idea that one person would extort or hold po wer over another human being isn’t a highly talked about subject. However, in India there is a problem with corruption, which has run out of control. People subject to poverty in India and considered poor by other nations’ standards are taken for what little cash they have or property they own by someone of a higher authority. What’s worse is thoseRead MoreThe Global Issue Of South Africa1516 Words   |  7 Pages â€Æ' Engagement Summary The Global Issue in South Africa Corruption has overrun all aspects of South African culture since the early 1900’s. The government, the police force, and all of the citizens commit acts of corruption on an everyday basis in order to secure contracts, grants, and in order to earn more money. From a business standpoint, as government contracts are given to certain businesses with connections, many other legitimate businesses are driven out of the market, often leading to lessRead MoreThe Government Protecting Citizens from Corruption1330 Words   |  5 Pagesperson is liberal or conservative, Republican or Democrat, the role within the United States government is to carry out essential responsibilities its citizens cannot perform. The United States citizens are responsible of electing politicians into government positions to solve the problems the country faces. One of those problems is corruption. The power of money is at the center of political corruption and even though fraud has been in existence for a long time, in recent years it has become aRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Ogbeidi s The First Republic1598 Words   |  7 Pagesthe President, was marked by widespread grand corruption’. Ogbeidi maintains that ‘government officials looted public funds with impunity. Federal Representative and Ministers flaunted their wealth with reckless abandon†¦ Politically, the thinking of the First Republic Nigerian leadership class was based on politics for material gain; making money and living well’. The immediate civilian regime after independence did not last long. Grand corruption was pervasive with records of abuse of office

Sustainability Policy

Question: Explain about the sustainability policy in Australia. Answer: Organization working with: Veolia in Australia and New Zealand is the only environment solutions of the region which consist of the environment solutions organization. It has specific capabilities regarding waste water and water treatment, services of waste and recovers services, management of energy, maintaining services of industrial cleaning. The ethical responsibility of the organization is to create value regarding the management principal and conduct of the business. As being a part of the sound risk and hazardous management, there are certain principals regarding the conduct of the business. The main objective of the company is to understand and support the customer achievements. All managers, employees, contractors and visitors are made responsible for being aware and complying of this policy. Research conducted on Sustainable policy: Business and industrial organizations in Veolia have various new approaches to develop and contribute the society and the environment in regards to future. Veolia has recognized their economic goals which can be complemented by social as well as environmental targets. These areas deal with sustainable flourishment and cultural life which is inter dependent. Sustainable policies cover the environmental and the dimension based on the social development of sustainability (Bocken et al., 2014). Basically sustainable development of Veolia covers four broad areas of function which includes: The uses of price which encourages the individual as well as the agents to take the full cost regarding the degradation of the environment in the decision. To develop economic growth, there is the implementation of economic growth. To make the contribution strengthen the international trade and investment towards the development of sustainability worldwide The methods and techniques of policy writing: Sustainability has its importance especially in the public sector and also in the government sector with various kinds of environmental targets. It can be stated that the suppliers in the public sector must be following the suit of sustainable policy which is very often stipulated when they wish to make a contract (Boons et al., 2013). There are certain benefits of well written sustainable policies which include: To meet the current environment-related legislation. To save money regarding waste and recycling. The efficient increase in the supply chain. To differentiate from the competition. To improve reputation within the stakeholders. Needs and Interest of Stakeholders Stakeholders are regarded as a key component in the field of sustainable development because of the following reasons: Stakeholders must be engaged as soon as possible rather than later than to develop a more effective strategy and materials. If the issues are understood properly, then there will be a better application for the organization as well as the proper approaches. Sustainability has become very important for all scales of companies as the stake holders approaches are very essential. Internal education, as well as external engagement in the companies, is prioritizing as internal key holders (Coomer, 2013). Sustainable policy opinion and its advantages and disadvantages: Sustainable policies are regarded as the policies of meeting human development goals. Senior management is regarded responsible for the formulation of sustainable development policy and also for the establishment of specific objectives. It also consists of certain social elements as well as alleviation regarding poverty as well as equity distributions. Management should always incorporate the expectation of the shareholder regarding the brand policy statement (Matos Silvestre, 2013). There are various advantages and disadvantages of for organizations and various stakeholder groups: Advantages include: Renewable energy well renewable; Environmental benefits; Reliable energy sources; Economical benefits; Stabilize energy prices; Disadvantages include: Reliability of supply; Difficult to generate in large quantity; Large capital cost; Requirement of large tracts of land; Final recommendations for policy: The tips which help for policy option based on effectiveness, time frames and cost includes: To keep it simple- There should be one page to clear and succinct with necessary information to stakeholders. To keep it real- Strategies and objectives should measurable and achievable. Link it as much as possible existing to mission. Align with other policies- In order to avoid overlapping there should be standard quality management. Dont reinvent the wheel- Policies available on internet, use as these are template to create an application on own business (Matos Silvestre, 2013). Reference list: Bocken, N. M. P., Short, S. W., Rana, P., Evans, S. (2014). A literature and practice review to develop sustainable business model archetypes.Journal of Cleaner Production,65, 42-56. Boons, F., Montalvo, C., Quist, J., Wagner, M. (2013). Sustainable innovation, business models and economic performance: an overview.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, 1-8. Coomer, J. C. (Ed.). (2013).Quest for a Sustainable Society: Pergamon Policy Studies on Business and Economics. Elsevier. Matos, S., Silvestre, B. S. (2013). Managing stakeholder relations when developing sustainable business models: the case of the Brazilian energy sector.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, 61-73.

Araki Nobuyoshi and Photography

Distinctive Features of a Reflection Essay, Definition of a Reflective Essay

Distinctive Features of a Reflection Essay, Definition of a Reflective Essay How to Write a Reflective Essay Reflective essay  by definition is a kind of writing that requires the author to inform the reader about his or her attitude, idea or impression regarding a given topic. Alternatively, writing reflective essays is meant to help its author describe how a certain event, person or experience has impacted him or her; or to describe the process of his or her personal growth during an academic course or some other significant experience (this can be a journey, an important class etc). For example, you may be required to write about a person who has had a significant impact on your life or career – it can be your teacher, your parents or your friend. In this case, you will be writing to describe this person and explain how he or she has affected you and how your personality changed as a result. Distinctive Features of a Reflective Essay Reflecting the author’s inner world, relating feelings and emotions pertaining to the described events and experiences are the most important features of a reflective essay. As a matter of fact, the essay has received its name because its main purpose is to reflect the author’s personality. Very often this type of essay is mistakenly understood as informative essay and students merely give an account of events or experiences. A simple enumeration of facts doesn’t make the essay reflective; in order to become one, it has to reflect the author’s inner world in relation to the described events. Let’s take a look at a quick example. Let’s imagine you have visited Tibet last summer. In an informative essay, you would inform your reader how you prepared, how you got there, what means of transport you used etc. In a reflective essay, you would tell your reader how you got interested in going there, what feelings you experienced during your visit and how it affected you as a personality. In the first case you enumerate events one by one; in the second case, you share your thoughts and feelings with your reader. This is what makes a reflective essay different from other essay types. Educational Purpose This type of essay is normally assigned during high school and college years with the purpose of giving students the opportunity to analyze their own experiences and skills. In this case, the object of analysis is students themselves; this essay type allows them to contemplate about things they might have been taking for granted. Another case when this type of essay can be assigned is when there is a need to better understand the personality of the interviewee. Reflective essays are also written while applying for college. The high number of college applicants makes competition incredibly tough; as a result, college admission officers require prospective students to write such essays – only thus can they pick out best candidates. They are looking at a number of things, including maturity, learning skills as well as the ability to analyze and think critically etc. The need to do reflective writing arises in everyday life too; therefore developing this skill is critical. Reflective Essay Outline In its basic form, a reflective essay will take the common essay structure: Introduction: This section should be the shortest; usually only one paragraph that establishes the frame of your personal reflection in a clear and concise manner. This is often achieved using reflective statements, then pointed sentences that describe the key ideas of reflective essay. For example, â€Å"the structure instilled in me by my baseball coaches has made me more organized and focused throughout my academic career†, or â€Å"I believe my membership on the school debate team has been the single largest contributor to my research skills today.† Body: The body paragraphs are where you can be more creative with your space and structure. Some reflection papers resemble narratives in which the writer tells their story from the perspective of how their experiences have impacted their personal growth and development. In the body of the essay, it is important to use descriptive language to differentiate between simply a retelling of key events and a rich narrative that exhibits true personal reflection. Conclusion:  In your conclusion, typically another single paragraph, you should avoid simply restating the reflective statements used in the introduction. Instead, remind your reader of the links between your experiences and the impacts these experiences have had on your development in the areas targeted, whether you’re focusing on growth academically, professionally or otherwise. More about essay structure: How to Write a Well-Structured Essay Language and Tone A reflective essay is supposed to reveal your thoughts, feelings, and emotions. It requires your presence in the text of the paper. The use of personal ‘I’ in this type of paper is ok. You can also use other personal pronouns like ‘we’, ‘you’, ‘they’ etc. This will make your essay more personal. Most other essay types require objectivity and impersonality; however, this is not the case. Referencing is not needed in 9 cases out of 10; however, some reflective essays will require you to back up your claims by making a reference to a reputable source of information. Be prepared to run a background research to back up your claims and read instructions carefully. Choosing a Topic Deciding on a topic for your reflection paper can be difficult, and ultimately the topic must be based on what experiences in your life you think will best exhibit your growth in the way you intend to present it in your personal reflection. With that in mind, here are some ideas to get you started. These topic suggestions are separated into categories from easy, marked by simpler topics that can be developed in a shorter period of time or space, to difficult, which contain more complex themes and must be described in a longer and more drawn out format. Reflective Essay Topics Easy reflective essay topics: 1. A happy event from childhood or another time, and how it has affected your life. 2. An early memory, positive or negative that impacted the way you have grown up. 3. An event, like a celebration or holiday that has led to changes in the way you think or behave over time. 4. A new person in your life; what was your first impression and how did meeting them affect the way you have developed as a person? 5. Lessons learned through experiences in school Medium reflective essay topics: 1. A first job or internship; think about skills you learned and relationships you made and how they have impacted your life. 2. A complex relationship or first love; new emotions and experiences are often the catalysts for personal development and change. 3. Any experience that leads to self-improvement, from a mental, physical or emotional standpoint. 4. A family vacation or other family experience that led to self-discovery or change in your interaction with your family members. 5. The death of a close family member or friend and how it has affected you over time. Difficult reflective essay topics:   1. The first experience with a group of people different than you, and how gaining understanding led to a personal change. 2. An experience in which you feared for your own safety and how overcoming or surviving the event changed you. 3. A great accomplishment, such as athletic or academic excellence, and the personal steps necessary to accomplish it. 4. A lifelong regret that has affected your actions and attitude since the event. It is important to remember: while these suggestions are for varying levels of complexity, any topic can be described with more or less depth to fit the requirements of your unique personal reflection. Reflective Essay Format Depending on your school, subject, and even essay topic, you might be required to format your writing in accordance with different standards. Most typical referencing styles are MLA and APA. These referencing styles tend to evolve over time, so be sure to consult respective manuals for updates. We hope you find these tips useful when working on your project.   Our professional team of writers knows perfectly what it takes to write a perfect reflective essay. For best results, will be asking you to cooperate with your writer to provide your personal input, while the writer will then give your essay the necessary shape, will think of the introduction, essay organization, structure and language. The experience we have accumulated in the process allows us to complete this task effectively and within the deadline. guarantees you consistently high results with your essay writing, so save time for yourself order now! To get the idea of how much our services will cost for you, check out our Discount table.

Statistics Project Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Statistics Project Work - Essay Example 2 Coefficients(a) Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. 95% Confidence Interval for B B Std. Error Beta Lower Bound Upper Bound 1 (Constant) 19.212 2.953 6.505 .000 12.981 25.443 GDP per Capita 7.072E-05 .000 .243 1.028 .318 .000 .000 Price Inflation .103 .401 .061 .258 .800 -.742 .949 a Dependent Variable: Savings Rate SR = 19.212 + 0.0000707(GDP) + 0.103(PINF) + u ‘u’ is the noise- an identically and independently distributed (iid) random variable. i) b0, the intercept would be expected to assume a positive sign; b1, the coefficient of GDP is expected to have a positive sign since GDP is intended to contribute positively to the ability of a nation to save; b2, the coefficient of price inflation is expected to have a negative coefficient since inflation has a negative contribution to the ability of a nation to save. ii) The marginal propensity to consume is worked out when disposable income and change in consumption are both available in a d ataset. The disposable income is in this case the amount left after the individual has spent out on all the essential needs. It could be equated to the savings rate. Therefore using the above obtained equation we can formulate it to be: SR = 19.212 + 0.0000707(GDP) + 0.103(PINF) + u iii) b0 is positive (19.212). This value has an impact on the general values obtained using the model, though not necessarily on b1 and b2 since the model was developed from a purely randomized data- the GDP, SR and PINF for any country are the products of many other factors that cannot be controlled with certainty (Wood, Hewlin & Lah, 2011). iv) The ‘u’ term in these equations stands for the noise (the uncontrollable random variable) whose nature is random and unpredictable. 3. ANOVA(b) Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 85.335 2 42.667 .612 .554(a) Residual 1184.575 17 69.681 Total 1269.910 19 a Predictors: (Constant), Price Inflation, GDP per Capita b Dependent Variab le: Savings Rate Coefficients(a) Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 19.212 2.953 6.505 .000 GDP per Capita 7.072E-05 .000 .243 1.028 .318 Price Inflation .103 .401 .061 .258 .800 a Dependent Variable: Savings Rate Both the GDP per Capita and the tice inflation (PINF) have positive coefficients, which means that they contribute positively to the ability of the nationals to save. The situation is as real as it happens in real sense. Model Summary Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate 1 .259(a) .067 -.043 8.34751 a Predictors: (Constant), Price Inflation, GDP per Capita From the adjusted R-square statistic, it is noted that only 4.3% of the variation in the ability of nationals to save can be explained by the two independent variables together (GDP per capita and price inflation of commodities). This is a clear indication that there are other more powerful determinants of the the ability of a nation to save. The unrepresented factors account for as much as 95.7% of the total variation observed. 4. Descriptive Statistics N Std.

Security and Integrity of health care information systems Term Paper

Security and Integrity of health care information systems - Term Paper Example Unfortunately, maintaining security and integrity of the information systems and applications is still a challenge to many hospitals and associated organizations that handle patients’ records, even after changeover to electronic storage and operations. In the healthcare industry, different stakeholders such hospitals, governments, insurance companies, pharmaceutical agencies, and the patients have various privileges to the electronic records where necessary, in order to accomplish their duties. Access to the HIS, information exchange, and disclosure of confidential data becomes prone to attack from multiple threats. This paper discusses change in the field of nursing, the use, security, and integrity of health information systems, potential threats to the HIS and EPR as identified in various researches, and their effects. It also discusses some measures to insecurity and poor integrity of health information systems. Keywords: Nursing Informatics, Healthcare Information System, Change Theory, Electronic Patient Record, Medical Identity Theft, Threats, Vulnerabilities, HIPAA, HITECH, Information Exchange, Frauds, Security, Integrity, Privacy, Confidentiality, Authorization, Authentication, Technical And Administrative Safeguards, Information Flow, Audit Logs, Healthcare Organizations, Medical Records, Business Associates, Patients, Stakeholders 1. Introduction With the changes taking place around the globe and especially changes in technology â€Å"informatics is no longer an option for nurses and other health care providers. It is a requirement† (Ball, DuLong &Hannah, 2011, p. 5). The use of computerized information systems in healthcare has undoubtedly increased the efficiency of medical record keeping, but contributed to the risk of security exposure. Sensitive personal and medical information on patients that requires privacy, risks being compromised incase of security breaches on the healthcare information systems. Protecting the healthcare inf ormation systems and data is therefore an important factor in improving healthcare quality. The increasing need for information sharing between the healthcare stakeholders (patients, providers, and payers) and the modern digital trend in record keeping create a need for better security of information. Whenever insecurity of IS exists, unauthorized access, dissemination of information, and operations on data and systems can occur, whose effect could not only affect the patients, but the healthcare providers and physicians decisions. Medical identity theft is one of the major frauds in cases of IS insecurity. Although the EHR pose various benefits to the patients, such that they can routinely review their health records electronically, it’s a fact that numerous people can view the EHR simultaneously. The systems is built on a number of compatible information technology tools, whose corruption or hacking is a lead to healthcare IS breaches. Patients’ information can be st olen for personal gains, or falsified for wrong diagnosis among other effects. Security, privacy, confidentiality, data availability, and integrity are the ethical priorities in EHR. Medical identity theft and other breaches can be detected and prevented under various procedures to secure healthcare information and IS against fraud. Several laws have been enacted and continue to be implemented ways to enforce security in healthcare IS and their content. The HITECH Act and HIPAA security rules are various government legislations that assist in

Black People and Young Black Man Essay Example for Free

Black People and Young Black Man Essay The narrator 1. Who is the narrator and what is the narrator’s attitude towards white Afrikaner ruling party, to blacks, and to Europeans? 2. What do these attitudes tell us about why people are divided in South Africa and in our larger world, maybe regardless of race? Van der Vyver 1. What does the action of his crying in the police station suggest to us? Are you surprised by this reaction—why or why not? Does this make him more likable—why or why not? 2. What do we learn about him by his action at the funeral? 3. What does it show us in the description â€Å"he does not let her clothing, or that of anyone else gathered closely make contact with him’ (2578). How does this moment contrast with â€Å"The farmer carried him in his arms, to the truck. He was sure, sure he could not be dead. But the young black man’s blood was all over the farmer’s clothes, soaking against his flesh as he drove† (2578)? What do we learn about Van der Vyver? The moment 1. What exactly was the moment like for Lucas and Van der Vyver before the gun went off? What does this say about their relationship? (2578) 2. Why is this moment compared to the moment that he and Lucas’s mom share at the funeral? What does it suggest to us about their relationship? (2577) To close: 1. In what way is this story about difference? About misconception? 2. What is the more tragic element of this short story in your mind?

Sports And Money :: essays research papers

Anywhere you look today you can see Mark McGwire hitting a home run, or Kobe Bryant dunking over someone. Every time someone watches television or reads a newspaper these, and many other, athletes can be found. Professional sports are all around us; they're a part of our culture. But, in the last few decades some changes have started to take place. As the popularity of professional athletics has increased, so has the cost to render them and their players' salaries. Many of the contracts signed today are for millions of dollars. This is unreasonably exorbitant for doing something gaiety. These days sports are centered around money and not focused on the love for the game and entertaining the fans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some economists argue the point that major league sports, their products, players, and stadiums endow millions of dollars to our economy. This is true, but the 'fine print'; that goes along with it is often overlooked. Stadiums, for example, cost millions of dollars to build, maintain, etc. The funds to do this are provided by the tax paying citizens of that city. Many teams then, in return, relocate to other cities in search of more money and better facilities. This is no way to reward fans for years of loyal support. There are many programs, scholarships, foundations, etc. formed by many players and organizations though. These are good ways to give back to the communities that sustain them and use their grand salaries in a nice, resourceful manner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now the major appeal of playing in the 'big leagues'; is landing big contracts and getting endorsements; instead of a higher, superior level of competition. A prime example of this is Elton Brand, who bypassed his junior and senior year at Duke to go directly to the NBA. Another athlete looking for a big paycheck is Kevin Brown, who recently signed a $105 million dollar contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers. This is an outrageous remuneration for someone that plays a game. Not only are athletes overpaid, many ignore the rules of etiquette that come along with being in the major leagues.

The History Of Why Photovoltaics Environmental Sciences Essay

Energy security is one of the major challenges confronting world in the twenty-first century. It has been cited that about 20 % of the planetary population do non hold entree to electricity [ 1 ] . In add-on, it is predicted that the planetary ingestion of electricity will increase by about 50 % by 2035 [ 2 ] . For a sustainable hereafter, fulfilling the demand for energy should be accompanied with the decrease of CO2 emanations [ 3 ] by energy systems. Consequently, this brings about concerns in sing fossil fuels based systems as an option for fulfilling the turning energy demand. Renewable energy beginnings have been considered as being the solution for this uprising energy demand. Of recent, these systems have gained a batch of popularity and the energy coevals from renewables have been predicted to duplicate from 2010 to 2035 [ 2 ] . Harmonizing to some anticipations, renewables have the potency of catering for about one tierce of entire planetary electricity coevals by 2035 [ 1 ] . Photovoltaics ( PV ) is a rapid-growing market in the field of renewable energy, and this tendency is expected to go on in the close hereafter [ 4 ] [ 5 ] . Solar Energy is the most abundant and most every bit distributed renewable energy beginning worldwide. As such, PV can be considered as a major and the most promising renewable energy beginning. The advantages of PV over the conventional energy beginnings are listed below: PV systems are environmentally friendly ( C emanation free ) Solar energy has, by far, the highest natural and proficient potencies even for today ‘s engineering PV warrants long-run, care free, quiet and dependable year-round operation It can be operated as a grid connected system [ 6 ] or as an off grid system, supplying electricity even in stray parts [ 5 ] [ 7 ] Of class, these systems are accompanied with a few reverses. Main disadvantages of the PV are listed below: Large country demand Electricity coevals is limited to daytime ( it can non run at dark ) The cost of electricity generated from a PV system is still non comparable with fossil fuels, which indicates a trust on strong governmental policies [ 8 ] PV systems are classified into three depending on the photoactive stuff used and the degree of commercial adulthood: first-generation solar cells ( Crystalline Silicon ( c-Si ) ) , second-generation solar cells ( Thin Film Solar Cells ( TFSC ) ) and 3rd coevals solar cells ( Concentrating PV ( CPV ) , organic PV and fresh constructs ) . In general, an overpowering per centum of solar cells are fabricated from Si. First coevals solar cells dominate the current PV market with a portion of over 80 % of the entire PV market [ 5 ] [ 9 ] . However, 2nd coevals solar cells ( TFSC ) promise the highest possible for low cost fabrication and dependable energy beginning [ 5 ] [ 10 ] . Besides that, c-Si deficit which begun in 2005 and lasted through 2008 forced the industry to look for options, therefore the market for Thin Film PV begun to turn quickly [ 9 ] . Advantages of TFSC over wafer based solar cells are listed below: As the thickness of the semiconducting material bed is much dilutant in TFSC compared to wafer based solar cells, the recombination losingss are much less The fabrication cost of TFSC is well lower than that of wafer based solar cells [ 10 ] TFSC provides us with wider choice of stuffs compared to wafer based solar cells [ 10 ] , therefore bespeaking flexibleness of TFSC compared to c-Si solar cells However, surveies indicate that even with all these advantages the laterality of the c-Si solar cells will still stay for the coming 10 to 20 old ages unless a sudden addition in TFSC efficiencies is achieved in the close hereafter [ 9 ] , [ 11 ] . Undoubtedly, low efficiencies along with debasement over clip ( decrease in power end product ) are considered as the most influential drawbacks in the development of TFSC [ 5 ] , [ 10 ] . Surveies have shown that the levelized cost of the electricity ( LCOE ) generated by PV systems are extremely dependent on PV faculty efficiency [ 12 ] , therefore increasing the efficiency of PV systems has become an active country of research. Amorphous Si ( a-Si ) is one of the widely used stuffs in TFSC [ 9 ] , [ 13 ] . However, a-Si solar cells suffer from low efficiencies [ 14 ] which can be attributed to its set spread non being close to the optimal value ( around 1.4 electron volt ) . Besides, the thickness of the photoactive stuff in TFPV is normally really low which has a effect of take downing its light soaking up capablenesss. Extensive work on PV cells has besides been carried out over the old ages with a focal point on new stuffs and cell constellations [ 15-17 ] . Driving efficiencies up and/or cut downing cost, by technology stuffs for optimal belongingss and constellations have been the chief purpose of such researches ( ref ) . For illustration, a well-known agencie s of bettering the efficiency of a-Si TFSC is to replace a-Si with a semiconducting material like Gallium arsenide ( GaAs ) or Indium phosphide ( InP ) that has a close optimal bandgap [ 13 ] , [ 14 ] , [ 15 ] . Another attack is to implement a multi-junction solar cell [ 13 ] , [ 14 ] , [ 18 ] . However, besides those options, it is besides possible to better efficiency by heightening the light pin downing possible inside the cell [ 19-23 ] . The latter option is the chief focal point for this research. [ 1 ] IEA, â€Å" World Energy Outlook 2012, † 2012. [ 2 ] EIA, â€Å" Annual Energy Outlook 2012, † 2012. [ 3 ] G. Doucet, â€Å" Deciding the Futureaˆ? : Energy Policy Scenarios to 2050, † 2007. [ 4 ] IEA PVPS, â€Å" Trends in photovoltaic applications, † Survey study of selected IEA states between 1992 and 2011, 2012. [ 5 ] IRENA, â€Å" Solar Photovoltaics, † Renewable Energy Technologies: Cost Analysis Series, vol. 1, no. 4, 2012. [ 6 ] M. a. Eltawil and Z. Zhao, â€Å" Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems: Technical and possible problems-A reappraisal, † Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 112-129, Jan. 2010. [ 7 ] W. Hoffmann, â€Å" PV solar electricity industry: Market growing and position, † Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 90, no. 18-19, pp. 3285-3311, Nov. 2006. [ 8 ] N. Johnstone, I. Hascic, and D. Popp, â€Å" Renewable energy policies and technological invention: Evidence based on patent counts, † Environmental and Resource Economics, 2008. [ 9 ] A. Jager-Waldau, â€Å" Thin Film Photovoltaics: Markets and Industry, † International Journal of Photoenergy, vol. 2012, no. two, pp. 1-6, 2012. [ 10 ] S. Hegedus, â€Å" Thin movie solar faculties: the low cost, high throughput and various option to Si wafers, † aˆÂ ¦ in photovoltaics: research and applications, pp. 393-411, 2006. [ 11 ] R. Swanson, â€Å" A vision for crystalline Si photovoltaics, † aˆÂ ¦ in photovoltaics: Research and Applications, pp. 443-453, 2006. [ 12 ] X. Wang, L. Kurdgelashvili, J. Byrne, and A. Barnett, â€Å" The value of faculty efficiency in take downing the levelized cost of energy of photovoltaic systems, † Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 4248-4254, Dec. 2011. [ 13 ] R. W. Miles, â€Å" Photovoltaic solar cells: Choice of stuffs and production methods, † Vacuum, vol. 80, no. 10, pp. 1090-1097, Aug. 2006. [ 14 ] M. A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, W. Warta, and E. D. Dunlop, â€Å" Solar cell efficiency tabular arraies ( version 40 ) , † no. version 40, pp. 606-614, 2012. [ 15 ] J. Peet, J. Y. Kim, N. E. Coates, W. L. Ma, D. Moses, a J. Heeger, and G. C. Bazan, â€Å" Efficiency sweetening in low-bandgap polymer solar cells by treating with methane series dithiols. , † Nature stuffs, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 497-500, Jul. 2007. [ 16 ] F. Report, â€Å" Hybrid Nanorod-Polymer Solar Cell Hybrid Nanorod-Polymer Solar Cell Final Report, † no. August, 2003. [ 17 ] I. Gur, N. A. Fromer, M. L. Geier, and A. P. Alivisatos, â€Å" from Solution, † vol. 310, no. October, pp. 462-465, 2005. [ 18 ] M. Bosi and C. Pelosi, â€Å" The Potential of III-V Semiconductors as Terrestrial Photovoltaic Devices, † no. June 2006, pp. 51-68, 2007. [ 19 ] D. Zhou and R. Biswas, â€Å" Photonic crystal enhanced light-trapping in thin movie solar cells, † Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 093102, 2008. [ 20 ] J.-Y. Chen, â€Å" Improvement of photovoltaic efficiency utilizing 3D photonic-crystal enhanced light caparison and soaking up, † Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 43-48, Oct. 2011. [ 21 ] M. Wellenzohn and R. Hainberger, â€Å" Light caparison by backside diffraction grates in Si solar cells revisited, † vol. 20, no. January, pp. 2208-2212, 2012. [ 22 ] S. B. Mallick, M. Agrawal, and P. Peumans, â€Å" Optimum visible radiation pin downing in ultra-thin photonic crystal crystalline Si solar cells, † vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 300-305, 2010. [ 23 ] X. Sheng, J. Liu, I. Kozinsky, A. M. Agarwal, J. Michel, and L. C. Kimerling, â€Å" Efficient light pin downing construction in thin movie Si solar cells, † 2010 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pp. 001575-001576, Jun. 2010.

Summary Of The Lesson Of Life - 767 Words

Timmy Ginn Dr. Byington CE Composition I 08 March, 2016 The Lesson of Life â€Å"The most important thing in life is to learn how to give out love, and to let it come in† (Albom, 46). Life is a crazy thing. We are all thrown into it, are forced to experience it. Life is what we make of it. Two very intelligent men at the end of their life tried to convey this point. These two men live on through their teachings in Tuesdays with Morrie and Pausch’s final lecture. In these teachings two men follow the same essential theme, getting everything out of life. Despite that, the execution the two men chose are quite different. The most obvious difference between the two is the way their lives were ending. Both of them were reaching the end, but on very different paths. Morrie died of ALS, an illness that causes the victim to slowly lose the use of their body, leading to paralysis. But Morrie also had asthma, meaning once the disease reached his lungs he was done for. â€Å"The lump in his form was so withered that I almost thought there was something missing. He was as small as a child† (Albom, 163). While on the other hand Pausch was in almost perfect health. He could do push ups and run around. He was fit and seemingly perfect. But he had tumors in his liver that couldn t be removed. This meant even though he was healthy, he only had a few months to live. In addition, the way they taught their points were quite different. Morrie always spoke about hard points, points that we often didn’tShow MoreRelatedWhy Greek Mythology Is Still Relevant Today And Why We Still Use It1588 Words   |  7 Pagespopular everyday items that we use in our life sometimes, are inspired by Greek mythology. Sports brands, movies and T.V shows, the most complicated technology, books and many more, are all examples of Greek Mythology. If you take modern day items that we use and compare it to Greek mythology, believe it or not there is a big connection. This essay will explain about why Greek mythology is still relevant today and why we st ill use it. Literature Review- Summary #1 In â€Å"The Greek Gods† from The RomansRead MoreThe Importance Of Greek Mythology1605 Words   |  7 Pages A lot of popular everyday items that we use in our life sometimes, are inspired by Greek mythology. Sports brands, movies and T.V shows, the most complicated technology, books and many more, are all examples of Greek Mythology. If you take modern day items that we use and compare it to Greek mythology, believe it or not there is a big connection. But how come people today are inspired by Greek mythology? Also, why is Greek mythology important to us if they were just myths? It was such a while agoRead MoreWhy Greek Mythology Is Still Relevant Today And Why We Still Use It1585 Words   |  7 Pagespopular everyday items that we use in our life sometimes, are inspired by Greek mythology. Sports brands, movies and T.V shows, the most complicated technology, books and many more, are all examples of Greek Mythology. If you take modern day items that we use and compare it to Greek mythology, believe it or not there is a big connection. This essay will explain about why Greek mythology is s till relevant today and why we still use it. Literature Review- Summary #1 In â€Å"The Greek Gods† from The RomansRead MoreEdu 695 Week 2 Assignment 21st Century Skills and Standards New599 Words   |  3 PagesEducation Student   (ISTE-S) standards and their relationship with quality instructional planning, delivery, and learner achievement. Using the Framework for 21st century learning as a resource, you will redesign or modify a prior activity, such as a lesson plan or curriculum project, that you created in a prior course. The redesigned coursework need to be a representation of your mastery of the MAED program learning outcomes 5 and 7. This assignment will be uploaded to the course for evaluation andRead More5-Day Lesson Plan1065 Words   |  5 PagesGrade 7 Room 5 Oceans What is the origin of the ocean? What is an ocean/sea? What are the characteristics of the ocean? MEAP BENCHMARKS: I.1.MS.5, II.1MS.1, II.1.MS.2, V.1.MS.1 DISTRICT OUTCOMES: DPS Pacing Chart LESSON OBJECTIVE: SWBAT – 1. Understand and critique the theories on the origin of the ocean. 2. Utilize world map to identify the seven continents and five oceans. 3. Label and match oceans to the connecting/corresponding continent. 4. Compile a topographicalRead MoreReporting, Meetings And Timing Period1419 Words   |  6 Pagescomprehensive project progress report shall be provided covering every significant aspect of the works. Progress Monthly Reports shall include: 1. Executive summary. 2. Safety statistics for the month illustrating safety related trends. 3. Any environmental incidents including details of incident, impact and corrective actions. 4. Summary of any potential and actual issues, including with respect to schedule, safety, environment, quality, cost, interfaces etc. And proposed remedial actions. 5. NarrativeRead MoreDrug Use And Illegal Drugs1025 Words   |  5 PagesNO’† slogan. (www.dualdiagnosis.org) This program is led by officers in the classroom with different lessons to teach to the students. The D.A.R.E. program was found in 1983 by the â€Å"Los Angeles Police Department and Los Angeles Unified School District,† â€Å"a time when widespread drug use was devastating neighborhoods and overwhelming police departments,† and has grown immensely since its birth. (â€Å"A Summary and Synthesis of†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"New D.A.R.E. Program Gets†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) According to â€Å"New D.A.R.E. Program Gets†¦,† theRead MoreSemester A Unit 3 Lesson 31626 Words   |  7 Pages Semester A Unit 3 Lesson 3 Introduction and Objective Every text is written for a reason. Along with the purpose of the text comes the central idea, or what the text is about. Think about the different types of texts you have read in all your different classes. What was the idea behind some of them? Today s lesson objective is: Students will be able to determine the central idea of a text. Think about a text you have read recently. Was it a text on science or history? Maybe it was a narrativeRead MoreSemester A Unit 3 Lesson 31626 Words   |  7 Pages Semester A Unit 3 Lesson 3 Introduction and Objective Every text is written for a reason. Along with the purpose of the text comes the central idea, or what the text is about. Think about the different types of texts you have read in all your different classes. What was the idea behind some of them? Today s lesson objective is: Students will be able to determine the central idea of a text. Think about a text you have read recently. Was it a text on science or history? Maybe it was a narrativeRead MoreLearning Needs And Abilities Assessment830 Words   |  4 Pagesvariety of challenges in the lesson planning process. One obvious challenge is that of time. While all teachers will need to spend precious time in lesson planning, newer teachers will probably need to make a significant investment in time because first, new teachers should make more detailed lesson plans, and second, inexperienced teachers will likely find the process to be more difficult due to lack of classroom practice. Another challenge is the need to keep the lessons learner centered through